編輯“WordPress:Wikipedia:Michael Brecker”

{{Infobox Person
| name   = Michael Brecker
| image     = Brecker @ jazz for kerry.jpg
| image_size     = 250px
| caption  = Michael Brecker in July 2004, performing during the "Jazz for [[WordPress:John Kerry|Kerry]]" benefit concert in [[WordPress:Manhattan]].
| birth_date  = {{Birth date|1949|3|29}}
| birth_place = [[WordPress:Philadelphia]], [[WordPress:Pennsylvania]]
| death_date  = {{Death date and age|2007|1|13|1949|3|29}}
| death_place = [[WordPress:New York City|New York]], [[WordPress:New York]]
| occupation     = [[WordPress:Musician]] ([[WordPress:Saxophonist]], [[WordPress:EWI]], [[WordPress:Composer]])
| spouse         = Susan Brecker
| parents        =
| children       = Sam and Jessica
}}



{{Infobox Person
| 姓名   = Michael Brecker
| 圖像     = Brecker @ jazz for kerry.jpg
| image_size     = 250px
| 標題  = Michael Brecker 在2004年7月, 在[[WordPress:Manhattan|曼哈頓島]]表演了"Jazz for [[WordPress:John Kerry|Kerry]]" benefit 音樂會。
| birth_date  = {{生日|1949|3|29}}
| birth_place = [[WordPress:Philadelphia|費城]], [[WordPress:Pennsylvania|賓夕法尼亞州]]
| death_date  = {{去世歲數(shù)及日期|2007|1|13|1949|3|29}}
| death_place = [[WordPress:New York City|紐約]], [[WordPress:New York|紐約]]
| 職業(yè)     = [[WordPress:Musician|音樂家]] ([[WordPress:Saxophonist|薩克斯管吹奏者]], [[WordPress:EWI]], [[WordPress:Composer|作曲家]])
| 配偶        = Susan Brecker
| 父母        =
| 子女       = Sam 和Jessica
}}

'''Michael Brecker''' ([[WordPress:March 29]], [[WordPress:1949]] &ndash; [[WordPress:January 13]], [[WordPress:2007]]) was an [[WordPress:United States|American]] [[WordPress:jazz]] [[WordPress:saxophonist]] and [[WordPress:composer]].  Acknowledged as "a quiet, gentle musician widely regarded as the most influential tenor saxophonist since [[WordPress:John Coltrane]],"<ref>http://www.mercurynews.com/music/ci_6010731</ref> he won 15 [[WordPress:Grammys]] as both performer and composer and was inducted into ''Down Beat's'' [[WordPress:Down Beat|Jazz Hall of Fame]] in 2007.

'''Michael Brecker''' ([[WordPress:1949|1949年]]，[[WordPress:March 29|3月29日]]，&ndash; [[WordPress:2007|2007年]]，[[WordPress:January 13|1月13日]] )是個[[WordPress:United States|美國]] [[WordPress:jazz|爵士樂]] [[WordPress:saxophonist|薩克斯管吹奏者]]和 [[WordPress:composer|作曲家]]。  他被公認為是"一位安靜的，隨和的音樂家，是自從[[WordPress:John Coltrane|John Coltrane]]后，最有影響力的男高音薩克斯管吹奏者,"<ref>http://www.mercurynews.com/music/ci_6010731</ref> 他作為演奏家兼作曲家，15次獲得了[[WordPress:Grammys|格萊美獎]] 而且在2007年進入 ''Down Beat的' [[WordPress:Down Beat|爵士樂名人堂]]。

==Biography==
Born in [[WordPress:Philadelphia]], [[WordPress:Pennsylvania]] and raised in Cheltenham Township, a local suburb, Michael Brecker was exposed to [[WordPress:jazz]] at an early age by his father, an amateur jazz pianist. He grew up a part of the generation of jazz musicians who saw [[WordPress:rock music]] not as the enemy but as a viable musical option; Brecker began studying [[WordPress:clarinet]], then moved to [[WordPress:alto saxophone]] in school, eventually settling on the [[WordPress:tenor saxophone]] as his primary instrument. He graduated from Cheltenham High School in 1967 and after only a year at [[WordPress:Indiana University Bloomington|Indiana University]], Michael Brecker moved to [[WordPress:New York City]] in 1970 where he carved out a niche for himself as a dynamic and exciting jazz soloist. He first made his mark at age 21 as a member of the jazz/rock band [[WordPress:Dreams (band)|Dreams]]&mdash;a band that included his older brother [[WordPress:Randy Brecker|Randy]], [[WordPress:trombonist]] [[WordPress:Barry Rogers]], drummer [[WordPress:Billy Cobham]], Jeff Kent and Doug Lubahn. Dreams was short-lived, lasting only a year, but influential (Miles Davis was seen at some gigs prior to his recording "Jack Johnson").{{Fact|date=February 2007}}



==傳記==
他出生于[[WordPress:Pennsylvania|賓夕法尼亞州]]的[[WordPress:Philadelphia|費城]]，成長于切爾滕納姆鎮(zhèn)區(qū)，郊區(qū)，通過父親，一位業(yè)余的爵士樂鋼琴家，Michael Brecker從小就接觸到了[[WordPress:jazz|爵士樂]]。 他屬于的爵士樂音樂家的一代，沒有將[[WordPress:rock music|搖滾樂]]看作敵人，而是看做不同的音樂形式；Brecker開始學習的是[[WordPress:clarinet|豎笛]]，然后在學校中，轉(zhuǎn)為學習[[WordPress:alto saxophone|次高音薩克斯管]]，最后決定終身學習[[WordPress:tenor saxophone|高音薩克斯管]]。 他于1967年畢業(yè)于切爾騰納姆中學，在[[WordPress:Indiana University Bloomington|印第安納大學]]只學習了一年之后，Michael Brecker于1970年來到[[WordPress:New York City|紐約市]]，他在這里創(chuàng)業(yè)，稱為了一名優(yōu)秀的爵士樂獨奏家。 他21歲時，首次嶄露頭角，作為爵士樂/搖滾樂 [[WordPress:Dreams (band)|Dreams]]的一員，&mdash;這個樂隊包括他的師兄[[WordPress:Randy Brecker|Randy]], [[WordPress:trombonist|長號手]] [[WordPress:Barry Rogers|Barry Rogers]], 鼓手 [[WordPress:Billy Cobham| Billy Cobham]], Jeff Kent 和 Doug Lubahn。 Dreams樂隊存活時間不長，只維持了一年，但是很有影響力(Miles Davis在發(fā)行唱片 "Jack Johnson"之前，參加了這個樂隊的一些音樂表演)。{{Fact|date=2007年2月}}

Most of Brecker's early work is marked by an approach informed as much by rock guitar as by R&B saxophone. After Dreams, he worked with [[WordPress:Horace Silver]] and then [[WordPress:Billy Cobham]] before once again teaming up with his brother Randy to form the Brecker Brothers Band. The band followed jazz-rock trends of the time, but with more attention to structured arrangements, a heavier backbeat, and a stronger rock influence. The band stayed together from 1975–1982 with consistent success and musicality.


Brecker的早期工作，即可以說是搖滾吉他手，也可以說是R&B薩克斯管彈奏。 離開Dreams樂隊之后，Brecker又與[[WordPress:Horace Silver| Horace Silver]]合作，然后有與[[WordPress:Billy Cobham| Billy Cobham]]合作，然后有與他的兄弟Randy合作，創(chuàng)建了Brecker兄弟也對。 這個樂隊跟隨當時的爵士搖滾樂的潮流，但是樂隊更加注意structured arrangements，更強的基調(diào)節(jié)奏，以及更深入的搖滾樂的影響。 樂隊在1975年到1982年間，獲得很大的音樂成就。


During his career, he was in great demand as a soloist and sideman. He performed with bands which spanned from mainstream jazz to mainstream rock. Altogether, he appeared on over 700 albums, either as a band member or a guest soloist. He put his stamp on numerous pop and rock recordings as a soloist. His featured guest solos with [[WordPress:James Taylor]] and [[WordPress:Paul Simon]] are excellent examples from this body of work. For example, on James Taylor's 1972 album, ''[[WordPress:One Man Dog]]'', Brecker's solo on the track "Don't Let Me Be Lonely Tonight" complements the other acoustic instruments and sparse vocal. Also, on Paul Simon's 1975 album ''[[WordPress:Still Crazy After All These Years]]'', Brecker's solo on the title track is used to a similar effect. His solos are often placed in the bridge, or appended as a coda. This musical structure and instrumentation typifies (and somewhat defines) this jazz-rock fusion style. Other notable collaborations in this genre include work with [[WordPress:Steely Dan]], [[WordPress:Lou Reed]], [[WordPress:Donald Fagen]], [[WordPress:Dire Straits]], [[WordPress:Joni Mitchell]], [[WordPress:Eric Clapton]], [[WordPress:Aerosmith]], [[WordPress:Frank Sinatra]], [[WordPress:Frank Zappa]], [[WordPress:Bruce Springsteen]], and [[WordPress:Parliament-Funkadelic]].  



Brecker also recorded or performed with leading jazz figures during his era, including [[WordPress:Herbie Hancock]], [[WordPress:Chick Corea]], [[WordPress:Chet Baker]], [[WordPress:George Benson]], [[WordPress:Quincy Jones]], [[WordPress:Charles Mingus]], [[WordPress:Jaco Pastorius]], [[WordPress:McCoy Tyner]], [[WordPress:Pat Metheny]], [[WordPress:Elvin Jones]], [[WordPress:Claus Ogerman]], and many others.

在Brecker職業(yè)生涯中，他最大的成就是作為獨唱者和伴奏者。 他從演奏主流的爵士樂，到主流的搖滾樂。 他出現(xiàn)在700多個唱片中，作為樂隊成員或者獨半奏人員。 他作為一名獨奏者，參加過眾多的流行音樂和搖滾音樂唱片的制作。 他作為客座獨奏，與[[WordPress:James Taylor|James Taylor]] 和[[WordPress:Paul Simon|Paul Simon]]合作，是最好的例子。 例如，在James Taylor1972年的唱片，''[[WordPress:One Man Dog]]'',Breckers在這個唱片上的獨奏曲"今晚不要讓我孤獨"，補足了聲樂和其它的稀有音樂元素。 此外，在Paul Simon1975年的唱片''[[WordPress:Still Crazy After All These Years|Still Crazy After All These Years]]''，Brecker在標題彈奏的關(guān)于唱片名的獨奏曲，起著相同的作用。 他的獨奏曲通常起著嫁接的作用，或者作為一種尾聲。 音樂結(jié)構(gòu)和樂器代表（或者某些方面決定了）這種爵士搖滾結(jié)合的音樂類型。 這種音樂合作類型的其它有名的是與[[WordPress:Steely Dan| Steely Dan]], [[WordPress:Lou Reed| Lou Reed]], [[WordPress:Donald Fagen| Donald Fagen]], [[WordPress:Dire Straits| Dire Straits]], [[WordPress:Joni Mitchell| Joni Mitchell]], [[WordPress:Eric Clapton| Eric Clapton]], [[WordPress:Aerosmith| Aerosmith]], [[WordPress:Frank Sinatra| Frank Sinatra]], [[WordPress:Frank Zappa| Frank Zappa]], [[WordPress:Bruce Springsteen| Bruce Springsteen]], 和[[WordPress:Parliament-Funkadelic| Parliament-Funkadelic]]的合作。  

Brecker有生之年還與爵士樂的領(lǐng)頭人物一起表演過，這些人包括[[WordPress:Chick Corea| Chick Corea]], [[WordPress:Chet Baker| Chet Baker]], [[WordPress:George Benson| George Benson]], [[WordPress:Quincy Jones| Quincy Jones]], [[WordPress:Charles Mingus| Charles Mingus]], [[WordPress:Jaco Pastorius| Jaco Pastorius]], [[WordPress:McCoy Tyner| McCoy Tyner]], [[WordPress:Pat Metheny| Pat Metheny]], [[WordPress:Elvin Jones| Elvin Jones|]], [[WordPress:Claus Ogerman| Claus Ogerman]],以及許多其他的人。




During the early 1980s, he was also a member of NBC’s [[WordPress:Saturday Night Live]] band.  Brecker can be seen in the background sporting shades during [[WordPress:Eddie Murphy]]’s [[WordPress:James Brown]] parody.

[[WordPress:Image:Mbrekker.png|left|thumb|upright|150px|Michael Brecker in [[WordPress:Hamburg]] (1981)]]

After a stint co-leading the all-star group [[WordPress:Steps Ahead]] with [[WordPress:Mike Mainieri]], Brecker finally recorded a solo album in 1987. That eponymously titled debut album marked his return to a more traditional jazz setting, highlighting his compositional talents and featuring the EWI (Electronic Wind Instrument), which Brecker had previously played with Steps Ahead. He continued to record albums as a leader throughout the 1990s and 2000s, winning multiple [[WordPress:Grammy Award]]s. His solo and group tours consistently sold out top jazz venues in major cities worldwide.


在20世紀80年代初，Brecker也是NBC的[[WordPress:Saturday Night Live| Saturday Night Live]]樂隊的一員。  在[[WordPress:Eddie Murphy| Eddie Murphy]]的 [[WordPress:James Brown| James Brown]]拙劣模仿中可以在背景sporting shades中看到Brecker。

[[WordPress:Image:Mbrekker.png|left|thumb|upright|150px|Michael Brecker 在 [[WordPress:Hamburg| Hamburg]] (1981)]]

在與[[WordPress:Mike Mainieri| Mike Mainieri]]共同領(lǐng)導了全星的組合[[WordPress:Steps Ahead|向前走]]之后，Brecker終于在1987年發(fā)行了自己的獨奏曲唱片。 在1990年和2000年，他作為主唱，繼續(xù)發(fā)行唱片，并且多次獲得[[WordPress:Grammy Award|格萊美獎]]。在全世界的主要城市，他的個人和集體巡回演奏的唱片，出售一空。


He went on tour in 2001 with a collaborative group, Hancock - Brecker - [[WordPress:Roy Hargrove| Hargrove ]]. This tour was dedicated to jazz pioneers John Coltrane and [[WordPress:Miles Davis]]. Brecker paid homage to Coltrane by performing Coltrane's signature piece, [[WordPress:Naima]]. This composition is a definitive work for tenor sax; its demanding solo enabled Brecker to show his complete mastery of the instrument. The live concert CD from the tour, ''Directions in Music'', won a [[WordPress:Grammy Award for Best Jazz Instrumental Album, Individual or Group| Grammy]] in 2003.

While performing at the [[WordPress:Mount Fuji Jazz Festival]] in 2004 , Brecker noticed a sharp pain in his back.  Shortly thereafter in 2005, he was diagnosed with the blood disorder [[WordPress:myelodysplastic syndrome]] (MDS). Despite a widely-publicized worldwide search, Brecker was unable to find a matching stem cell donor.  In late 2005, he was the recipient of an experimental partial matching stem cell transplant. By late 2006 he appeared to be recovering, but the experiment proved not to be a cure. He made his final public performance on June 23rd 2006, playing with [[WordPress:Herbie Hancock]] at [[WordPress:Carnegie Hall]].   

On [[WordPress:January 13]], [[WordPress:2007]], Michael Brecker died from complications of [[WordPress:leukemia]] in [[WordPress:New York City]]. His funeral was held on [[WordPress:January 15]], [[WordPress:2007]] in [[WordPress:Hastings-on-Hudson]], NY.

On [[WordPress:February 11]], [[WordPress:2007]], Michael Brecker was awarded two posthumous [[WordPress:Grammy award]]s for his involvement on his brother Randy's 2005 album ''[[WordPress:Some Skunk Funk]]''.

2001年，他與一個小組一起，繼續(xù)巡回演出- Brecker - [[WordPress:Roy Hargrove| Hargrove ]]。 巡回演出，為了紀念爵士樂先驅(qū)John Coltrane和[[WordPress:Miles Davis|Miles Davis]]。 Brecker演奏Coltrane的作品，[[WordPress:Naima|Naima]]，對Coltrane表示敬意。 這個作品是男高音薩克斯管的權(quán)威性作品; its demanding solo enabled男高音獨奏的高超技術(shù)，反映了Brecker掌握薩克斯管的精通技藝。巡回演出的現(xiàn)場音樂CD， ''Directions in Music'', 獲得了2003年的 [[WordPress:Grammy Award for Best Jazz Instrumental Album, Individual or Group| 格萊美獎]] 。

2004年，在[[WordPress:Mount Fuji Jazz Festival|富士山爵士樂音樂節(jié)]]演奏的時候，Brecker注意到自己的背部有劇烈的疼痛。不久，在2005年，他被診斷出血液紊亂，[[WordPress:myelodysplastic syndrome| myelodysplastic syndrome]] (MDS)。盡管在全世界進行了公開查找，仍熱找不到匹配的干細胞。2005年末，他接受移植了部分匹配的干細胞。2006年末，他看起來似乎好了，但是試驗證明，這次移除并沒有根除病源。在2006年6月23日，他與[[WordPress:Herbie Hancock| Herbie Hancock]]在[[WordPress:Carnegie Hall| Carnegie Hall]]進行了最后一次表演。

在[[WordPress:2007|2007年]]，[[WordPress:January 13|1月13日]]，Michael Brecker在[[WordPress:New York Cite|紐約市]]死于[[WordPress:leukemia|白血病]]并發(fā)癥。他的葬禮是于[[WordPress:2007|2007年]]，[[WordPress:January 15|1月15日]]，在紐約的[[WordPress:Hastings-on-Hudson| Hastings-on-Hudson]]舉行的。

在[[WordPress:2007|2007年]]，[[WordPress:February 11|2月11日]]，已經(jīng)過世的Brecker，被授予兩枚[[WordPress:Grammy award|格萊美獎]]，因為他在世時，參與了他的兄弟Randy在2005年發(fā)行的唱片''[[WordPress:Some Skunk Funk| Some Skunk Funk]]''。



On [[WordPress:May 22]], [[WordPress:2007]], his final recording, ''Pilgrimage'', was released receiving a good critical response. It was recorded in August 2006 with [[WordPress:Pat Metheny]] on guitar, [[WordPress:John Patitucci]] on bass, [[WordPress:Jack DeJohnette]] on drums and [[WordPress:Herbie Hancock]] and [[WordPress:Brad Mehldau]] on piano. Brecker was critically ill when it was recorded but the other musicians involved praised the standard of his musicianship.<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/02/arts/music/02brec.html?_r=1&ref=arts&oref=slogin ''New York Times'' "A Jazzman’s Farewell Album, All Heart and Soul" [[WordPress:June 2]], [[WordPress:2007]]]</ref>  Brecker was again posthumously nominated and subsequently awarded two additional Grammy Awards for this album in the categories of [[WordPress:Best Jazz Instrumental Solo]] and [[WordPress:Grammy Award for Best Jazz Instrumental Album, Individual or Group|Best Jazz Instrumental Album, Individual or Group]], bringing his Grammy total to 15.

During his career, Brecker played a [[WordPress:Selmer Mark VI]] tenor saxophone using a highly-customized Dave Guardala mouthpiece. Previously, he had played a Selmer Super Balanced Action saxophone.



在 [[WordPress:2007|2007年]], [[WordPress:May 22|5月22日]] ，他發(fā)行了最后的唱片， ''Pilgrimage'', 并且得到了很好的反響。這個唱片是2006年8月錄制的， [[WordPress:Pat Metheny| Pat Metheny]] 彈奏吉他， [[WordPress:John Patitucci| John Patitucci]] 演奏低音樂樂器， [[WordPress:Jack DeJohnette| Jack DeJohnette]] 打鼓， [[WordPress:Herbie Hancock| Herbie Hancock]] 和[[WordPress:Brad Mehldau| Brad Mehldau]] 彈奏鋼琴。Brecker在錄制這個唱片的時候，已經(jīng)病的很嚴重，但是參加這個唱片錄制的其它音樂人，都高度評價了Brecker的音樂才能。<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/02/arts/music/02brec.html?_r=1&ref=arts&oref=slogin ''紐約時報'' "一位爵士樂家，真誠的告別唱片", [[WordPress:2007|2007年]]]，[[WordPress:June 2|6月2日]]</ref>  Brecker過世后，得到格萊美獎的提名，隨和又獲得兩枚格萊美獎，獲得格萊美獎的是 [[WordPress:Best Jazz Instrumental Solo|最好的爵士樂男高音]] 和[[WordPress:Grammy Award for Best Jazz Instrumental Album, Individual or Group|最好的爵士樂唱片，個人或者組合]]中的唱片，這樣他總共15次獲得了格萊美獎。

在Brecker的職業(yè)生涯中，他使用高級定制的Dave Guardala吹口，演奏[[WordPress:Selmer Mark VI| Selmer Mark VI]]男高音薩克斯管。先前，他曾演奏了a Selmer Super Balanced Action saxophone。

==References==
{{reflist}}

==參考==


{{reflist}}


*{{cite news  | title=Michael Brecker, 57, Grammy-Winning Jazz Saxophonist | author = Ben Ratliff | publisher = [[WordPress:New York Times]]  | page=A17  | date=[[WordPress:January 15]], [[WordPress:2007]]}}{{commons|Michael Brecker}}

==See also==
* [[WordPress:Brecker Brothers]]

==External links==
*[http://www.michaelbrecker.com Official site]
*[http://www.michaelbreckerliverecordings.com Live recordings]
*[http://www.michaelbreckerliverecordings.com/CompletediscographyA-B.html Complete Discography]
*[http://www.michaelbrecker.com/oldWebsite/photos.htm Lucky Link To Old Site]
*[http://www.vervemusicgroup.com/artist/releases/default.aspx?pid=10689&aid=2846 Hancock-Brecker-Hargrove]
*[http://www.ibrecker.com IBRECKER (new site)]
*[http://news.independent.co.uk/people/obituaries/article2154839.ece The Independent - Obituary]




{{reflist}}
*{{引用新聞  | 標題=Michael Brecker, 57, Grammy-Winning Jazz Saxophonist |作者 = Ben Ratliff | publisher = [[WordPress:New York Times]]  | page=A17  | 日期= [[WordPress:2007|2007年]]，[[WordPress:January 15|1月15日]]}}{{commons|Michael Brecker}}

==也看看==
* [[WordPress:Brecker Brothers|Brecker兄弟]]

==外部鏈接==
*[http://www.michaelbrecker.com ]
*[http://www.michaelbreckerliverecordings.com Live recordings]
*[http://www.michaelbreckerliverecordings.com/CompletediscographyA-B.html 完成音樂長篇分類目錄]
*[http://www.michaelbrecker.com/oldWebsite/photos.htm Lucky Link To Old Site]
*[http://www.vervemusicgroup.com/artist/releases/default.aspx?pid=10689&aid=2846 Hancock-Brecker-Hargrove]
*[http://www.ibrecker.com IBRECKER (新的站點)]
*[http://news.independent.co.uk/people/obituaries/article2154839.ece The Independent - Obituary]
@@ 第1行： / 第1行： @@
+{{Infobox Person
+| name?  = Michael Brecker
+| image? ?  = Brecker @ jazz for kerry.jpg
+| image_size? ?  = 250px
+| caption? = Michael Brecker in July 2004, performing during the "Jazz for [[WordPress:John Kerry|Kerry]]" benefit concert in [[WordPress:Manhattan]].
+| birth_date? = {{Birth date|1949|3|29}}
+| birth_place = [[WordPress:Philadelphia]], [[WordPress:Pennsylvania]]
+| death_date? = {{Death date and age|2007|1|13|1949|3|29}}
+| death_place = [[WordPress:New York City|New York]], [[WordPress:New York]]
+| occupation? ?  = [[WordPress:Musician]] ([[WordPress:Saxophonist]], [[WordPress:EWI]], [[WordPress:Composer]])
+| spouse? ? ? ?  = Susan Brecker
+| parents? ? ? ? =
+| children? ? ?  = Sam and Jessica
+}}
 {{Infobox Person
 | 姓名?  = Michael Brecker
@@ 第13行： / 第30行： @@
 | 子女? ? ?  = Sam 和Jessica
 }}
+'''Michael Brecker''' ([[WordPress:March 29]], [[WordPress:1949]] &ndash; [[WordPress:January 13]], [[WordPress:2007]]) was an [[WordPress:United States|American]] [[WordPress:jazz]] [[WordPress:saxophonist]] and [[WordPress:composer]].? Acknowledged as "a quiet, gentle musician widely regarded as the most influential tenor saxophonist since [[WordPress:John Coltrane]],"<ref>http://www.mercurynews.com/music/ci_6010731</ref> he won 15 [[WordPress:Grammys]] as both performer and composer and was inducted into ''Down Beat's'' [[WordPress:Down Beat|Jazz Hall of Fame]] in 2007.
 '''Michael Brecker''' ([[WordPress:1949|1949年]]，[[WordPress:March 29|3月29日]]，&ndash; [[WordPress:2007|2007年]]，[[WordPress:January 13|1月13日]] )是個[[WordPress:United States|美國]] [[WordPress:jazz|爵士樂]] [[WordPress:saxophonist|薩克斯管吹奏者]]和 [[WordPress:composer|作曲家]]。? 他被公認為是"一位安靜的，隨和的音樂家，是自從[[WordPress:John Coltrane|John Coltrane]]后，最有影響力的男高音薩克斯管吹奏者,"<ref>http://www.mercurynews.com/music/ci_6010731</ref> 他作為演奏家兼作曲家，15次獲得了[[WordPress:Grammys|格萊美獎]] 而且在2007年進入 ''Down Beat的' [[WordPress:Down Beat|爵士樂名人堂]]。
+==Biography==
+Born in [[WordPress:Philadelphia]], [[WordPress:Pennsylvania]] and raised in Cheltenham Township, a local suburb, Michael Brecker was exposed to [[WordPress:jazz]] at an early age by his father, an amateur jazz pianist. He grew up a part of the generation of jazz musicians who saw [[WordPress:rock music]] not as the enemy but as a viable musical option; Brecker began studying [[WordPress:clarinet]], then moved to [[WordPress:alto saxophone]] in school, eventually settling on the [[WordPress:tenor saxophone]] as his primary instrument. He graduated from Cheltenham High School in 1967 and after only a year at [[WordPress:Indiana University Bloomington|Indiana University]], Michael Brecker moved to [[WordPress:New York City]] in 1970 where he carved out a niche for himself as a dynamic and exciting jazz soloist. He first made his mark at age 21 as a member of the jazz/rock band [[WordPress:Dreams (band)|Dreams]]&mdash;a band that included his older brother [[WordPress:Randy Brecker|Randy]], [[WordPress:trombonist]] [[WordPress:Barry Rogers]], drummer [[WordPress:Billy Cobham]], Jeff Kent and Doug Lubahn. Dreams was short-lived, lasting only a year, but influential (Miles Davis was seen at some gigs prior to his recording "Jack Johnson").{{Fact|date=February 2007}}
 ==傳記==
 他出生于[[WordPress:Pennsylvania|賓夕法尼亞州]]的[[WordPress:Philadelphia|費城]]，成長于切爾滕納姆鎮(zhèn)區(qū)，郊區(qū)，通過父親，一位業(yè)余的爵士樂鋼琴家，Michael Brecker從小就接觸到了[[WordPress:jazz|爵士樂]]。 他屬于的爵士樂音樂家的一代，沒有將[[WordPress:rock music|搖滾樂]]看作敵人，而是看做不同的音樂形式；Brecker開始學習的是[[WordPress:clarinet|豎笛]]，然后在學校中，轉(zhuǎn)為學習[[WordPress:alto saxophone|次高音薩克斯管]]，最后決定終身學習[[WordPress:tenor saxophone|高音薩克斯管]]。 他于1967年畢業(yè)于切爾騰納姆中學，在[[WordPress:Indiana University Bloomington|印第安納大學]]只學習了一年之后，Michael Brecker于1970年來到[[WordPress:New York City|紐約市]]，他在這里創(chuàng)業(yè)，稱為了一名優(yōu)秀的爵士樂獨奏家。 他21歲時，首次嶄露頭角，作為爵士樂/搖滾樂 [[WordPress:Dreams (band)|Dreams]]的一員，&mdash;這個樂隊包括他的師兄[[WordPress:Randy Brecker|Randy]], [[WordPress:trombonist|長號手]] [[WordPress:Barry Rogers|Barry Rogers]], 鼓手 [[WordPress:Billy Cobham| Billy Cobham]], Jeff Kent 和 Doug Lubahn。 Dreams樂隊存活時間不長，只維持了一年，但是很有影響力(Miles Davis在發(fā)行唱片 "Jack Johnson"之前，參加了這個樂隊的一些音樂表演)。{{Fact|date=2007年2月}}
-Brecker的早期工作，即可以說是搖滾吉他手，也可以說是R&B薩克斯管彈奏。 離開Dreams樂隊之后，Brecker又與[[WordPress:Horace Silver| Horace Silver]]合作，然后又與[[WordPress:Billy Cobham| Billy Cobham]]合作，然后又與他的兄弟Randy合作，創(chuàng)建了Brecker兄弟樂隊。 這個樂隊跟隨當時的爵士搖滾樂的潮流，但是樂隊更加注意結(jié)構(gòu)化的安排，更強的基調(diào)節(jié)奏，以及更深入的搖滾樂的影響。 樂隊在1975年到1982年間，獲得很大的音樂成就。
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+Most of Brecker's early work is marked by an approach informed as much by rock guitar as by R&B saxophone. After Dreams, he worked with [[WordPress:Horace Silver]] and then [[WordPress:Billy Cobham]] before once again teaming up with his brother Randy to form the Brecker Brothers Band. The band followed jazz-rock trends of the time, but with more attention to structured arrangements, a heavier backbeat, and a stronger rock influence. The band stayed together from 1975–1982 with consistent success and musicality.
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+Brecker的早期工作，即可以說是搖滾吉他手，也可以說是R&B薩克斯管彈奏。 離開Dreams樂隊之后，Brecker又與[[WordPress:Horace Silver| Horace Silver]]合作，然后有與[[WordPress:Billy Cobham| Billy Cobham]]合作，然后有與他的兄弟Randy合作，創(chuàng)建了Brecker兄弟也對。 這個樂隊跟隨當時的爵士搖滾樂的潮流，但是樂隊更加注意structured arrangements，更強的基調(diào)節(jié)奏，以及更深入的搖滾樂的影響。 樂隊在1975年到1982年間，獲得很大的音樂成就。
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+During his career, he was in great demand as a soloist and sideman. He performed with bands which spanned from mainstream jazz to mainstream rock. Altogether, he appeared on over 700 albums, either as a band member or a guest soloist. He put his stamp on numerous pop and rock recordings as a soloist. His featured guest solos with [[WordPress:James Taylor]] and [[WordPress:Paul Simon]] are excellent examples from this body of work. For example, on James Taylor's 1972 album, ''[[WordPress:One Man Dog]]'', Brecker's solo on the track "Don't Let Me Be Lonely Tonight" complements the other acoustic instruments and sparse vocal. Also, on Paul Simon's 1975 album ''[[WordPress:Still Crazy After All These Years]]'', Brecker's solo on the title track is used to a similar effect. His solos are often placed in the bridge, or appended as a coda. This musical structure and instrumentation typifies (and somewhat defines) this jazz-rock fusion style. Other notable collaborations in this genre include work with [[WordPress:Steely Dan]], [[WordPress:Lou Reed]], [[WordPress:Donald Fagen]], [[WordPress:Dire Straits]], [[WordPress:Joni Mitchell]], [[WordPress:Eric Clapton]], [[WordPress:Aerosmith]], [[WordPress:Frank Sinatra]], [[WordPress:Frank Zappa]], [[WordPress:Bruce Springsteen]], and [[WordPress:Parliament-Funkadelic]].?
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+Brecker also recorded or performed with leading jazz figures during his era, including [[WordPress:Herbie Hancock]], [[WordPress:Chick Corea]], [[WordPress:Chet Baker]], [[WordPress:George Benson]], [[WordPress:Quincy Jones]], [[WordPress:Charles Mingus]], [[WordPress:Jaco Pastorius]], [[WordPress:McCoy Tyner]], [[WordPress:Pat Metheny]], [[WordPress:Elvin Jones]], [[WordPress:Claus Ogerman]], and many others.
 在Brecker職業(yè)生涯中，他最大的成就是作為獨唱者和伴奏者。 他從演奏主流的爵士樂，到主流的搖滾樂。 他出現(xiàn)在700多個唱片中，作為樂隊成員或者獨半奏人員。 他作為一名獨奏者，參加過眾多的流行音樂和搖滾音樂唱片的制作。 他作為客座獨奏，與[[WordPress:James Taylor|James Taylor]] 和[[WordPress:Paul Simon|Paul Simon]]合作，是最好的例子。 例如，在James Taylor1972年的唱片，''[[WordPress:One Man Dog]]'',Breckers在這個唱片上的獨奏曲"今晚不要讓我孤獨"，補足了聲樂和其它的稀有音樂元素。 此外，在Paul Simon1975年的唱片''[[WordPress:Still Crazy After All These Years|Still Crazy After All These Years]]''，Brecker在標題彈奏的關(guān)于唱片名的獨奏曲，起著相同的作用。 他的獨奏曲通常起著嫁接的作用，或者作為一種尾聲。 音樂結(jié)構(gòu)和樂器代表（或者某些方面決定了）這種爵士搖滾結(jié)合的音樂類型。 這種音樂合作類型的其它有名的是與[[WordPress:Steely Dan| Steely Dan]], [[WordPress:Lou Reed| Lou Reed]], [[WordPress:Donald Fagen| Donald Fagen]], [[WordPress:Dire Straits| Dire Straits]], [[WordPress:Joni Mitchell| Joni Mitchell]], [[WordPress:Eric Clapton| Eric Clapton]], [[WordPress:Aerosmith| Aerosmith]], [[WordPress:Frank Sinatra| Frank Sinatra]], [[WordPress:Frank Zappa| Frank Zappa]], [[WordPress:Bruce Springsteen| Bruce Springsteen]], 和[[WordPress:Parliament-Funkadelic| Parliament-Funkadelic]]的合作。? ?
 Brecker有生之年還與爵士樂的領(lǐng)頭人物一起表演過，這些人包括[[WordPress:Chick Corea| Chick Corea]], [[WordPress:Chet Baker| Chet Baker]], [[WordPress:George Benson| George Benson]], [[WordPress:Quincy Jones| Quincy Jones]], [[WordPress:Charles Mingus| Charles Mingus]], [[WordPress:Jaco Pastorius| Jaco Pastorius]], [[WordPress:McCoy Tyner| McCoy Tyner]], [[WordPress:Pat Metheny| Pat Metheny]], [[WordPress:Elvin Jones| Elvin Jones|]], [[WordPress:Claus Ogerman| Claus Ogerman]],以及許多其他的人。
+During the early 1980s, he was also a member of NBC’s [[WordPress:Saturday Night Live]] band.? Brecker can be seen in the background sporting shades during [[WordPress:Eddie Murphy]]’s [[WordPress:James Brown]] parody.
+[[WordPress:Image:Mbrekker.png|left|thumb|upright|150px|Michael Brecker in [[WordPress:Hamburg]] (1981)]]
+After a stint co-leading the all-star group [[WordPress:Steps Ahead]] with [[WordPress:Mike Mainieri]], Brecker finally recorded a solo album in 1987. That eponymously titled debut album marked his return to a more traditional jazz setting, highlighting his compositional talents and featuring the EWI (Electronic Wind Instrument), which Brecker had previously played with Steps Ahead. He continued to record albums as a leader throughout the 1990s and 2000s, winning multiple [[WordPress:Grammy Award]]s. His solo and group tours consistently sold out top jazz venues in major cities worldwide.
 在20世紀80年代初，Brecker也是NBC的[[WordPress:Saturday Night Live| Saturday Night Live]]樂隊的一員。? 在[[WordPress:Eddie Murphy| Eddie Murphy]]的 [[WordPress:James Brown| James Brown]]拙劣模仿中可以在背景sporting shades中看到Brecker。
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 在與[[WordPress:Mike Mainieri| Mike Mainieri]]共同領(lǐng)導了全星的組合[[WordPress:Steps Ahead|向前走]]之后，Brecker終于在1987年發(fā)行了自己的獨奏曲唱片。 在1990年和2000年，他作為主唱，繼續(xù)發(fā)行唱片，并且多次獲得[[WordPress:Grammy Award|格萊美獎]]。在全世界的主要城市，他的個人和集體巡回演奏的唱片，出售一空。
+He went on tour in 2001 with a collaborative group, Hancock - Brecker - [[WordPress:Roy Hargrove| Hargrove ]]. This tour was dedicated to jazz pioneers John Coltrane and [[WordPress:Miles Davis]]. Brecker paid homage to Coltrane by performing Coltrane's signature piece, [[WordPress:Naima]]. This composition is a definitive work for tenor sax; its demanding solo enabled Brecker to show his complete mastery of the instrument. The live concert CD from the tour, ''Directions in Music'', won a [[WordPress:Grammy Award for Best Jazz Instrumental Album, Individual or Group| Grammy]] in 2003.
+While performing at the [[WordPress:Mount Fuji Jazz Festival]] in 2004 , Brecker noticed a sharp pain in his back.? Shortly thereafter in 2005, he was diagnosed with the blood disorder [[WordPress:myelodysplastic syndrome]] (MDS). Despite a widely-publicized worldwide search, Brecker was unable to find a matching stem cell donor.? In late 2005, he was the recipient of an experimental partial matching stem cell transplant. By late 2006 he appeared to be recovering, but the experiment proved not to be a cure. He made his final public performance on June 23rd 2006, playing with [[WordPress:Herbie Hancock]] at [[WordPress:Carnegie Hall]].?
+On [[WordPress:January 13]], [[WordPress:2007]], Michael Brecker died from complications of [[WordPress:leukemia]] in [[WordPress:New York City]]. His funeral was held on [[WordPress:January 15]], [[WordPress:2007]] in [[WordPress:Hastings-on-Hudson]], NY.
+On [[WordPress:February 11]], [[WordPress:2007]], Michael Brecker was awarded two posthumous [[WordPress:Grammy award]]s for his involvement on his brother Randy's 2005 album ''[[WordPress:Some Skunk Funk]]''.
 年，他與一個小組一起，繼續(xù)巡回演出- Brecker - [[WordPress:Roy Hargrove| Hargrove ]]。 巡回演出，為了紀念爵士樂先驅(qū)John Coltrane和[[WordPress:Miles Davis|Miles Davis]]。 Brecker演奏Coltrane的作品，[[WordPress:Naima|Naima]]，對Coltrane表示敬意。 這個作品是男高音薩克斯管的權(quán)威性作品; its demanding solo enabled男高音獨奏的高超技術(shù)，反映了Brecker掌握薩克斯管的精通技藝。巡回演出的現(xiàn)場音樂CD， ''Directions in Music'', 獲得了2003年的 [[WordPress:Grammy Award for Best Jazz Instrumental Album, Individual or Group| 格萊美獎]] 。
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 在[[WordPress:2007|2007年]]，[[WordPress:February 11|2月11日]]，已經(jīng)過世的Brecker，被授予兩枚[[WordPress:Grammy award|格萊美獎]]，因為他在世時，參與了他的兄弟Randy在2005年發(fā)行的唱片''[[WordPress:Some Skunk Funk| Some Skunk Funk]]''。
+On [[WordPress:May 22]], [[WordPress:2007]], his final recording, ''Pilgrimage'', was released receiving a good critical response. It was recorded in August 2006 with [[WordPress:Pat Metheny]] on guitar, [[WordPress:John Patitucci]] on bass, [[WordPress:Jack DeJohnette]] on drums and [[WordPress:Herbie Hancock]] and [[WordPress:Brad Mehldau]] on piano. Brecker was critically ill when it was recorded but the other musicians involved praised the standard of his musicianship.<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/02/arts/music/02brec.html?_r=1&ref=arts&oref=slogin ''New York Times'' "A Jazzman’s Farewell Album, All Heart and Soul" [[WordPress:June 2]], [[WordPress:2007]]]</ref>? Brecker was again posthumously nominated and subsequently awarded two additional Grammy Awards for this album in the categories of [[WordPress:Best Jazz Instrumental Solo]] and [[WordPress:Grammy Award for Best Jazz Instrumental Album, Individual or Group|Best Jazz Instrumental Album, Individual or Group]], bringing his Grammy total to 15.
+During his career, Brecker played a [[WordPress:Selmer Mark VI]] tenor saxophone using a highly-customized Dave Guardala mouthpiece. Previously, he had played a Selmer Super Balanced Action saxophone.
 在 [[WordPress:2007|2007年]], [[WordPress:May 22|5月22日]] ，他發(fā)行了最后的唱片， ''Pilgrimage'', 并且得到了很好的反響。這個唱片是2006年8月錄制的， [[WordPress:Pat Metheny| Pat Metheny]] 彈奏吉他， [[WordPress:John Patitucci| John Patitucci]] 演奏低音樂樂器， [[WordPress:Jack DeJohnette| Jack DeJohnette]] 打鼓， [[WordPress:Herbie Hancock| Herbie Hancock]] 和[[WordPress:Brad Mehldau| Brad Mehldau]] 彈奏鋼琴。Brecker在錄制這個唱片的時候，已經(jīng)病的很嚴重，但是參加這個唱片錄制的其它音樂人，都高度評價了Brecker的音樂才能。<ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/02/arts/music/02brec.html?_r=1&ref=arts&oref=slogin ''紐約時報'' "一位爵士樂家，真誠的告別唱片", [[WordPress:2007|2007年]]]，[[WordPress:June 2|6月2日]]</ref>? Brecker過世后，得到格萊美獎的提名，隨和又獲得兩枚格萊美獎，獲得格萊美獎的是 [[WordPress:Best Jazz Instrumental Solo|最好的爵士樂男高音]] 和[[WordPress:Grammy Award for Best Jazz Instrumental Album, Individual or Group|最好的爵士樂唱片，個人或者組合]]中的唱片，這樣他總共15次獲得了格萊美獎。
 在Brecker的職業(yè)生涯中，他使用高級定制的Dave Guardala吹口，演奏[[WordPress:Selmer Mark VI| Selmer Mark VI]]男高音薩克斯管。先前，他曾演奏了a Selmer Super Balanced Action saxophone。
+==References==
+{{reflist}}
 ==參考==
+{{reflist}}
+*{{cite news? | title=Michael Brecker, 57, Grammy-Winning Jazz Saxophonist | author = Ben Ratliff | publisher = [[WordPress:New York Times]]? | page=A17? | date=[[WordPress:January 15]], [[WordPress:2007]]}}{{commons|Michael Brecker}}
+==See also==
+* [[WordPress:Brecker Brothers]]
+==External links==
+*[http://www.michaelbrecker.com Official site]
+*[http://www.michaelbreckerliverecordings.com Live recordings]
+*[http://www.michaelbreckerliverecordings.com/CompletediscographyA-B.html Complete Discography]
+*[http://www.michaelbrecker.com/oldWebsite/photos.htm Lucky Link To Old Site]
+*[http://www.vervemusicgroup.com/artist/releases/default.aspx?pid=10689&aid=2846 Hancock-Brecker-Hargrove]
+*[http://www.ibrecker.com IBRECKER (new site)]
+*[http://news.independent.co.uk/people/obituaries/article2154839.ece The Independent - Obituary]
 {{reflist}}
 *{{引用新聞? | 標題=Michael Brecker, 57, Grammy-Winning Jazz Saxophonist |作者 = Ben Ratliff | publisher = [[WordPress:New York Times]]? | page=A17? | 日期= [[WordPress:2007|2007年]]，[[WordPress:January 15|1月15日]]}}{{commons|Michael Brecker}}